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俄乌局势进展：泽连斯基呼吁北约加速接受乌克兰 俄方更换特别军事行动总指挥******

　　中新社北京1月12日电 综合消息：据乌通社报道，乌克兰总统泽连斯基11日表示，北约应启动机制加速接受乌克兰。俄媒报道称，俄罗斯国防部长绍伊古11日宣布更换俄对乌克兰开展特别军事行动区域联合部队总指挥，由俄武装力量总参谋长格拉西莫夫出任。

　　泽连斯基呼吁北约启动机制加速接受乌克兰

　　据乌通社11日报道，乌克兰总统泽连斯基当天表示，北约应启动一项机制加速乌克兰加入北约。

　　据报道，泽连斯基在卢布林三角第二次峰会后举行的新闻发布会上表示，北约以“敞开大门”的言论形式支持乌克兰是不够的。他说：“我们需要向前迈进......我们等待着强有力的步骤，比‘敞开大门’更多的东西。”

　　2022年9月30日，乌克兰签署了加入北约的申请。

　　俄方更换特别军事行动总指挥

　　据俄媒11日报道，俄罗斯国防部长绍伊古当天宣布更换俄对乌克兰开展特别军事行动区域联合部队总指挥，由俄武装力量总参谋长格拉西莫夫出任。

　　俄国防部网站消息说，原特别军事行动区域联合部队总指挥、俄空天军总司令苏罗维金大将，俄陆军总司令萨留科夫大将以及俄武装力量副总参谋长基姆上将出任副总指挥。

　　俄罗斯卫星通讯社援引俄国防部消息称，提高总指挥的职务级别是因为特别军事行动实施过程中需要完成的任务增多，有必要统调俄军各军兵种，使之更加紧密协同，旨在提高各类保障质量以及区域联合部队的指挥效率。

　　乌克兰、立陶宛、波兰签署联合声明

　　乌通社报道称，乌克兰总统泽连斯基、立陶宛总统瑙塞达和波兰总统杜达11日在利沃夫举行的卢布林三角第二次峰会后签署了联合声明。

　　波兰和立陶宛在联合声明中表示支持乌克兰尽快加入北约和欧盟。

　　联合声明还重申了立陶宛和波兰将继续向乌克兰提供军事、技术和人道主义等支持。

　　俄常驻联合国代表：安理会将就乌克兰问题举行会议

　　据俄罗斯卫星通讯社12日报道，俄罗斯常驻联合国第一副代表德米特里·波利扬斯基宣布，在莫斯科的倡议下，联合国安理会将于1月17日就乌克兰问题举行会议。

　　波利扬斯基还表示，莫斯科时间1月20日19时，俄方将就12月顿巴斯炮击事件举行安理会非正式会议。

　　美媒：欧盟委员会主席计划2月访问基辅

　　据乌通社11日报道，美国政治新闻网站“Politico”援引一位欧盟官员的话称，欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩和其他欧盟委员计划于2月初访问乌克兰首都基辅，开展“最高级别的磋商”。(完)

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）